WebSocket
WebSocket is a communication protocol that provides full-duplex, bidirectional communication channels over a single TCP connection, enabling real-time data exchange between a client (e.g., web browser) and a server. It allows for persistent connections where messages can be sent and received instantly without the overhead of HTTP request-response cycles, making it ideal for applications requiring low-latency updates. This protocol is standardized by the IETF as RFC 6455 and is widely supported in modern web browsers and server environments.
Developers should use WebSocket when building applications that require real-time features, such as live chat, collaborative editing, online gaming, financial trading platforms, or live sports updates, as it reduces latency and server load compared to polling techniques like HTTP long-polling. It is particularly valuable in scenarios where immediate data synchronization between clients and servers is critical, such as in IoT device monitoring or real-time dashboards, as it maintains an open connection for continuous data flow.