Factory Method
The Factory Method is a creational design pattern that provides an interface for creating objects in a superclass, but allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created. It defines a method for object creation, delegating the instantiation logic to subclasses, which promotes loose coupling and enhances code flexibility by abstracting the creation process.
Developers should use the Factory Method pattern when a class cannot anticipate the type of objects it needs to create, or when subclasses need to specify the objects to be instantiated. It is particularly useful in frameworks and libraries where client code relies on interfaces rather than concrete implementations, such as in GUI toolkits or plugin architectures, to enable extensibility and reduce dependencies.